As Greer (1998) points out, "the military has long been attentive to constraints on time and resources.  The design models in use are the result of continuous process improvement."   In the 1960's the militry began to address training problems common to all branches of the services using a systems approach.   Through the work of CPT Director Dr. Robert K. Branson, an instructional systems design (ISD) model evolved in the 1970's for use by the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines to improve interservice training.  The model, called the Interservice Procedures for Instructional Systems Development (IPISD), shown below, was intended for use with large-scale instructional development.

 
ISD Procedures - Inservice Model

Diagram adopted from McCombs (1986)

McCombs, B. L. (1986, Summer). The Instructional Systems Development (ISD) Model: A Review of Those Factors Critical to its successful Implementation. Education Communication and Technology Journal, 34(2), 67-81.